Extended Outline or Action Plan for consultancy report Outline

Essays on Extended Outline or Action Plan for consultancy report Outline Benefits of Employee Engagement Introduction A direct relationship exists between employee engagement and the success of a business company. This relationship is quantifiable especially regarding international or global business. Scholars of human resources management and other related disciplines define employee engagement as a situation where the management of the business organization enhances commitment of employees on their responsibilities resulting in total commitment. In this case, employees develop a spirit where they put company goals and objectives before personal goals. Engaged employees commit themselves to work and in the process do not have time to gossip even during grapevine. A business company with engaged employees reduces conflicts among employees making it one of the most appropriate mechanism tom avoid conflict. Most business managers and chief executives define success perfectly but fail in comprehending the drivers of success. Managers consider various aspects of success among them profit levels, market share, as well as brand equity. Literature Review Macey, (2009, p. 21) holds that the real impetus of the business lies with employees. Employees become even more critical when discussing global enterprise. They design, develop, and produce products in addition to attending to company clients. Employees represent the face of the business brand. Scholars concur on the fact that employees constitute determinants of either successful international and local business or those that rarely or fail to attain the full capacity. A successful local or global business enterprise has engaged employees. Research by Azusa Pacific University, 1983, p. 67)) shows that business companies with high rates of employee engagement recorded a nineteen percent increase in their operating income over one year trading period. Similarly, the same companies witnessed a rise in earnings per share averaging twenty-eight percent. On the other hand, (Oyemba) notes that business with low abilities of engaging employees recorded a drop in income averaging more than thirty-two percent over the same financial period. This correspondent with an eleven percent decline in earnings per share. Flippo, (1984, p. 19) identifies that most managers took lessons from Michael Lewis’ Moneyball applying the same to their respective business environment with measurable success. Issues under consideration included among others measurement of the degree of engagement among employees, evaluation of their performance, as well as levels of elevation. Global companies operate in various parts of the world and among people with diverse ethnic backgrounds. The Institute Of Personnel Management, (1969, p. 112) writes that this means that adopting the skills and qualities of evaluating intangible factors adds to the quality of performance. The introduction of measurable tools of intangible factors gives managers new, insightful, and actionable solutions to any situation regarding their employees. Relevant and concrete information replaces perceptions, gut feel, and intuition (Lucas, 1999, p. 33). Wells Fargo stands out as the example of an international company that recognized and emb raced the value of successful employee engagement. The company operating in Europe, Africa, as well as the United States of America applied the happy-to-grumpy ratio to assess the levels of its employee engagement. Apart from evaluating what was important in motivating its employees, they also evaluated the degree of their employee engagement. As a successful international company, Wells Fargo concentrated on assessing commitment of individual member of each team. Understanding the drivers of what element in the team covered the duration between projects and the length. In this case, they sort to comprehend internal links between various business results in projects. Ultimately, Wells Fargo found out that a strong relationship a high degree of employee engagement and increased productivity of employees as well as the satisfaction of customers. Barrio-Urdaneta, 2008, p. 41) on the other hand, relates metrics with analytics. However, he adds that the important idea is aligning the company strategy to both metrics and analytics (Whiteley, 2002, p. 77). If research by a particular company for instance Wells Fargo proves that high employee engagement results in improved customer satisfaction because of increased sales, then the business organization will put measures to invest more in strategic initiatives that enhance employee commitment. Higher employee commitment is a prerequisite for better performance in the store. An initiative by Wells Fargo demonstrates that it is possible for international business companies to carry out measurement of the impact of the commitment of employees to the success of business organization (Jucius, 1975, p. 51). It is important to mention that more companies continue to invest in the assessment of employee engagement but fail in evaluating the effectiveness of the same miserably. This explains why the fair badly in analyzing important drivers of the commitment of employees. It is for this reason that most managers as well as Chief Executives continue to wonder how particular human resource programs influence the performance of both the company and employees. Gellerman, (1968, p. 97) feels it is necessary for businesses especially international enterprises to understand the impact of qualities that shape the drivers of employee engagement. Furthermore, managers of such businesses must have qualities of evaluating employee engagement apart from measuring effectiveness of the same. Methodology The research undertakes to define the objectives of the study, which is central in determining the methodology to apply. Researchers comprehend that both qualitative and quantitative study methodologies can apply in assessing benefits of employee engagement effectively. However, great attention comes with getting the best methodology to apply depending on the circumstance. Therefore, this specific research will use qualitative assessment including face-to-face interviews. The research will cover a small number of people, the study aims to go for the finer details, researchers, and their assistants will fluctuate in their interviews across various topics, as well as evaluating the degree of particular topics. Most importantly, the research will attempt to establish a link between employee engagement and company success with regard to international business. The methodology will include discussions among focus groups in addition to the face-to-face interviews. Limitations of the research This research has limitations that people carrying out the study will experience. First, the study will be costly. A research on employee engagement calls for the use of more money compared to other research studies because it involves a lot of movement. In this case, the human resources department relies on the approval of the overall budget by the board. The second limitation getting approvals from business company management to interview their employees. Furthermore, the study may suffer from the fact that people charged with the responsibility of carrying out the study have insufficient knowledge in the same discipline. Understanding the culture of the company tradition established by the founders is also a challenge. Bibliography Azusa Pacific University. (1983).  Job satisfaction. Azusa, Calif, Azusa Pacific College. Barrio-Urdaneta, E. C. (2008).  Employee engagement. Thesis (M.A.)--Bethel University, 2008. Flippo, E. B. (1984).  Personnel management. New York, McGraw-Hill. Gellerman, S. W. (1968).  Management by motivation. [New York], American Management Association. Institute Of Personnel Management. (1969).  Personnel management. London, Business Publications]. Jucius, M. J. (1975).  Personnel management. Homewood, Ill, R.D. Irwin. Lucas, J. R. (1999).  The passionate organization igniting the fire of employee commitment. New York, AMACOM. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truescope=sitedb=nlebkdb=nlabkAN=516 Macey, W. H. (2009).  Employee engagement. Chichester, U.K., Wiley-Blackwell. Sayeed, O. (2001). Organizational Commitment for healthy organizations. New York, McGraw-Hill. Whiteley, P. (2002).  Motivation. Oxford, U.K., Capstone Pub. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truescope=sitedb=nlebkdb=nlabkAN=67260.

The Changing Role Of Fathers In The Last Thirty Years Free Essays

The world is dynamic and has witnessed major changes over the past decades. Lifestyles have changed and so have priorities. The role of fathers has not been left behind too; in the past three decades fathers have changed greatly. We will write a custom essay sample on The Changing Role Of Fathers In The Last Thirty Years or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is an evolution that has been necessitated by the changes occurring in the various aspects of human lives and relations. Nothing would exemplify this change in roles than taking a critical look at the image and responsibilities of fathers in the 1970s. By then fathers were highly authoritative and much of their time was spent working. They were expected to be the sole beneficiaries in the family. Fathers took care of the financial obligations such as school fees, bills, rent and others. Mothers were expected to play good housewives and take care of the children and the house. Respect and reverence characterized the father’s image; they were hard to understand and were looked upon by everyone in the house. This is a role that would slowly and gradually start changing on the 1980’s probably as feminism became institutionalized in almost all modern societies. Women were no longer wiling to stay indoors watching the house and children. They were taking up more challenging tasks that priory were a preserve of the men. This newfound competition would force men to adapt and start spending more time with their children. Fathers started being more responsible and nurturing to their children, playing a visible role in their upbringing. Men at this time were no longer the sole breadwinners; women were chipping in and meeting some of the costs of running the family and thus spending more time away from home. Men hence were forced to make concessions and play an active role with the children. Nothing has seen a rapid evolution during the past three decades than the father involvement in their children’s lives. A study conducted by Levine and Pleck amongst others operationalizes the above fact. The study revealed that over the last recent decades, fathers were able to spend more time than before with an increase of over 10 percent. It is also this period that saw fathers watching over their children at home when their mothers are out working.  (Levine, James and Pittnsky T. , 1997). The image of father across the 70’s and the 80 changed considerably, but it is the late 90s and the last years of this millennium that has almost accorded modern fathers completely new roles that would have been unimaginable thirty years ago. It is not in question that fathers are no longer the breadwinners and the authoritative figures of the past. Parents are supporting each other financially, emotionally and in other essential cores of raising the families. Today’s fathers are looking for their children and changing their diapers. They are taking the children to school and helping them with homework at home. They are even raising the children single handedly in case of death, separation or divorce of a spouse and doing a commendable job out of it. There are those that are divorced and granted periodic visitations, a new role that many are still grappling with. Being a good father is no longer defined along economic lines only, it is a composite product of responsibility at home and being there fore the children. Fathers are playing an important role and being more close to their children than before, their satisfaction according to surveys, emanates from spending more time with their families. Indeed the roles have changed. Men of today are supposed and expected by the society to take up more roles than before. They are no longer inhabited by the societal traditional norms that could see them present a macho figure. In today’s world, they are playing an active role bringing up the kids rather than sticking to the financial obligations alone. How to cite The Changing Role Of Fathers In The Last Thirty Years, Papers

The Widow Of Wasdale Head A monologue from the play by Arthur Wing Pinero Essay Example For Students

The Widow Of Wasdale Head A monologue from the play by Arthur Wing Pinero Essay A monologue from the play by Arthur Wing Pinero NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from Representative One-Act Plays by British and Irish Authors. Ed. Barrett H. Clark. Boston: Little, Brown, and Co., 1921. MRS. JESMOND: No, no, Hal! Listen! Oh, listen! Hal Hal, when the grave closed over thee, I did indeed believe that I was done with love forever, and that my heart was but a dry and withered plant; but, oh, there are seasons when it will persist in putting forth green shoots, and when I find strange hopes and joys quickening within me that are unbefitting a woman that is devoted to the memory of her dead husband! Alas, Harry, \twas at such a time that Mr. Fane came upon me! Though \twas in January that he alighted at my door, the sun was shining in the valley, and our robins were chirping and there was a tremble of Spring in the air; and \twas then, when he had crossed my threshold and I filled him a cup of wine, and faced him while he drank \twas then that I felt those green shoots in my breast burst and spread their leaves. But, oh, my dear, he is going, as you are informed he is going! and \tis not likely that he will come my way again, nor that another young man of his rank and character will ever resort to this lonely inn. And so you must pardon me this one stumble; and by all that I hold most sacred, Hal wait! Harry? Come back! I love thee! I swear I love thee!

Keys to College Success Essay Example

Keys to College Success Paper Keys to College Success written by Sheila Akers, college success can be achieved in four simple steps if they are all done together and on a normal basis. First, students need to manage their time wisely. They may create a calendar then mark Important dues dates of projects, tests, meetings and other significant Information on it. They can also set aside a weekly study time set aside for each lass. In that time they can study and do work on one subject at a time. Another thing students can do to manage their time Intelligently Is using a dally or weekly to- do list to accomplish their work ATA good pace. Second, students need to attend class and take notes. Students should attend class faithfully and not to miss one day of that class. They need to take a lot of class notes during lectures, and use abbreviations to take notes quickly. Looking for signals of importance is a key part in taking notes, which also makes note taking a little easier. We will write a custom essay sample on Keys to College Success specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Keys to College Success specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Keys to College Success specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer After taking notes, they should be reviewed as soon as possible. In doing this it makes it easier to understand and to absorb the information right away, so it would not be forgotten. Third, students should use the PROW method to study their reading assignments. First they should preview the reading. Students should consider the title, read over the first and last paragraphs, note heading and their relationships in the reading. Next, while students are reading the material, they should mark important parts that will help them in the future to studying. They should take time to read it through from start to finish. After that, students should also write study notes that are clear to read and in their own words. By doing this it makes it easier for the student to comprehend what they are reading. Last, students should recite their ideas in their notes by writing in the margins of the text. This makes it a little simpler to remember key points and main ideas of the text. Last, students should take responsibilities for their own studies. They need to realize that to achieve their career goal, they need to take responsibility to make time o study. They have do want to do well, want to be successful and to study for each class. If students take charge of their life and their future, they will realize that the final key to success lies in their own hands and hearts. By bigness mark important dues dates of projects, tests, meetings and other significant information on it. They can also set aside a weekly study time set aside for each thing students can do to manage their time intelligently is using a daily or weekly to- do list to accomplish their work at a good pace.

Physician Assisted Suicides essays

Physician Assisted Suicides essays Euthanasia. . ., Specifically, Physician Assisted Suicides. . . Imagine yourself suffering a debilitating disease, such as cancer, of which there is no cure. Imagine the disease spreading through your body and producing pain, so severe, that there is no drug to stop it. The medical doctors have all told you there is nothing more they can do. All that is left is for you to lie dying in a hospital or home and rithing in pain. Given these circumstances, would it comfort you to know you have a choice in how much pain you want to suffer and when YOU want to end it all? Im talking about Euthanasis. . . Euthanasia is the act of taking ones life, either passively (by quitting eating or drug/alcohol abuse) or actively (. (DEFINE) The simple . . . . . . .. Specifically, physicians assisted suicides. Suicide is legal in all 50 states. Meaning, one cannot be prosecuted for taking their own life. Yet, Physician assisted suicides are illegal in all but one state, Oregon. Public opinion for Physician Assisted Suicide is overwhelming in favor allowing the patient the right to have a doctor end their life. A Gallop poll, conducted in April, 1996 and again in June 1999, found that 75% and 76% respectively of adults in this country favor allowing doctors to end the lives of the terminally ill, upon request from the patient. However, in 1997, the Supreme Court struck down the constitutional right of all Americans to assisted suicides. Physician assisted suicides in the United States should be a legal right for all Americans and protected under the constitution. Id like to walk you through what the pro-life proponents believe and then identify, what I believe, would ensure a physician assisted suicide program should entail to ensure som e type of integrity. I think with specific guidelines, patients should have the right to choose and medical doctors should be allowed to assist the terminally ill to end their life. I be...

Accounting Information Disclosure and Auditing

Accounting is the compilation, regulation and arrangement of financial data to ensure efficient decision-making. It often comprises of external auditing, tax counsel and tax return preparing, fiscal and administration consulting, and industrial services. Accountants look into the processes businesses take in to track their revenue and fiscal resources on time. Their responsibilities are more than the basic generic assumptions; they take care of expenses and effectiveness results of novel technologies, alongside getting hold up in processes of mergers and acquisitions, quality controlling, usage and development of data systems to record fiscal effectiveness, taxation strategies and medical care benefits management. The main responsibilities of an accountant are to make sure all the financial records are prepared and examined accurately and that taxes are paid appropriately and timely. It comes in the job role of accountants and auditors to carry out overviews of the economic functions in business so that it can operate effectively. The same service is provided by them to individuals, providing assistance to them in creating plans of action to ensure enhanced financial welfare (Kaplan & Atkinson, 2015). In this project report, observances would be carried out about the auditor relevancy and enhanced activities so that a progressive future can get situated. The report would specifically cover literature on the issues in financial statements auditing faced by auditors and accountants face. The methodology section would discuss the procedure in which the project would be carried out with the collected information. The findings section would go over the collected information and analyse them in the discussion section in light of the reviewed literature. The conclusion would address recommendations, prospective for further research and certain limitations of the current one. Accounting is a critical learning and essential variable of the market economy. This data is the introduction of budgetary and cash related structures of the countries and expect a fundamental part in supervision to make the responsiveness and enlightenment in the economy. The high measure of deception in which accountants and auditors, executives or authority masters are incorporated, provoke to a couple of ambiguities about reliability and trust of master accountants. The rule issues in accounting calling are the prohibitively favoured angle of a genuine survey that official auditors have it and moreover, the responsiveness as the essential of this select ideal position is also fundamental. By the method for its transcendent segments, the calling as self-administration, uprightness and keeping clear focal points guarantee the specific preferred standpoint. The relationship between these parts and master direct is the guideline factors of a substantial segment of the responses at wo rk in the midst of the past 30 years. In the 21st century, accounting occupation is poor upon good issues and ethics; however, this case is addressed by the control makers, authorities, examiners and stockholders (Christensen, Baker, & Cottrell, 2014). With confusions in both government and private divisions, the commitments of auditors got the opportunity to be expanded. These complexities were met with defilement, a critical part of making economies thusly undermining the independence, respectability and objectivity of the auditors. Consequently of the development in the level of business activities, both in the all-inclusive community and private parts, it is right now required by statute that activities of managerial and corporate business affiliations be audited. The consequences of this essential is to ensure that those depended with resources are viewed as accountable. Auditing in this way ensures accounts and records of affiliation show an honest to goodness and sensible view. Auditors do this via cautious examination of the books of accounts of associations and to insist whether there is fitting support and endorsement for every trade (Gupta, 2015). Given the vast size of recent accounting shames and their stunning outcomes for authorities and budgetary pros, it's not astonishing that the organization and general society expect that the concealed issues are debasement and fault—corrupt accountants distorting numbers to secure also tricky clients. However, that is only a little part of the story. Bona fide accounting issues have since a long time back tormented corporate audits, routinely provoking to huge fines for accounting firms. A segment of the oversights, surely, are the eventual outcome of deception. Regardless, to credit most missteps to consider debasement is trust that the accounting calling is flooding with scalawags—a conclusion that any person who has worked with accountants knows is untrue. The more significant, more poisonous issue with corporate auditing, as it's by and by practiced, is its shortcoming to unaware inclination. On account of the often subjective nature of accounting and the tight asso ciations between accounting firms and their clients, even the most genuine and fussy of auditors can inadvertently distort the numbers in ways that shroud an association's real financial status, in this way beguiling theorists, controllers, and as a less than dependable rule organization (Henderson et al., 2015). Point of fact, even obviously frightful accounting shock, for instance, Andersen's audits of Enron, may have at their middle a movement of unwittingly uneven judgments rather than a consider program liability. It is relied upon to handle practices and controls that see the nearness of slant and direct its underhanded effects. At precisely that point would we have the capacity to be ensured of the relentless nature of the budgetary reports issued by open associations and affirmed by professional accountants. The point and goal of this review is to dissect that importance of auditors and enhanced exercises so that future development happens. In this changing and quick moving worldwide environment, this is vital to dissect money related accounts by the auditors. It helps in accomplishing the objectives and goals set by the association legitimately. An auditing is a standout amongst the most conspicuous profession alternatives accessible for the understudies of accounting. Accounting and audit given effective part in business are considered by various gatherings from the past. This getting back to backpedals to the early individual human progression. In actuality, when trading was started, recording the trades and declaring was mulled over. In outdated community foundations, obligation and assets of government were kept up. The shock of budgetary coercion and fall of some different associations exhibited that watching the appropriate controls are not acceptable in master commitments. Capable accountants other than watching the appropriate controls should be centered on master ethics (Bebbington, Unerman & O'Dwyer, 2014). Research exhibits that the use of standards and great auditing it is solidly related to the audit cost setting and the forcefulness of the audit promote by cognizance of the regard included auditing. Appropriately generally financial crisis many issues about the relevance of the audit and the trust in the audit calling have raised. Auditors in their work equal number of specific techniques that depend on after masterminding, resources, standard and national establishment application that ought to be finished nearby his master judgment. Auditors must game plan and perform audit techniques to have enough number of affirmations to give a reasonable supposition about his client. The measure of sufficient audit work is the measure of the quality and measure of audit affirmation, including peril organisation and examination of eventual outcomes of audit frameworks (Caskey, 2013). Corruption hinders the nature of audit administration and debilitates the foundations of good corporate administration. Corruption is a tumor which assaults the structure of the general population and private divisions. Corrupt practices are purposeful acts submitted with a view to giving, tolerating and requesting leverage conflicting with authority obligation and the privileges of others or the mishandle of open power for private pick up. Corruption happens as gift, kickbacks, commissions, or different advantages without leaving any follow in the official records. A situation that is loaded with corruption represents a great deal of difficulties to the auditing calling. Most chiefs of organizations working in corrupt situations cook the books to dupe the financial specialists and accumulate riches to themselves to the hindrance of the asset proprietors. In a comparable improvement, corrupt government authorities in many services, offices and organizations enjoy arrangement of misbe haviors to fitting open riches to themselves for self-protection. These corrupt practices abruptly militate against the work of an auditor in this way whittling down the dependability and significance of audit report and by suggestion lost trust in the auditing calling (William, Glover & Prawitt, 2016). Related to the issues, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) prescribed that the organisation report should fuse bits of knowledge about going concern, and in later activities, the FASB based their thought on the importance of changes on the going concern start of accounting. At an overall level, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) is at this moment required in a wander with the objective of clearing up the disclosure necessities about the assessment of going stress in IAS. A presentation draft was dispersed in March 2014. Other new proposals consolidate a redesign of the audit report; with a particular ultimate objective to extend, the level of revelation gave by the inspectors. This consolidates a specific enunciation on whether the usage of the going concern preface of accounting, by the organisation, is appropriate (IAASB, 2014). The International Audit and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB), the controlling gathering of International Standards for Audit (ISAs) has been incorporated, in the latest years, in a method of illustration of investigating benchmarks, by focusing on survey uncovering and survey quality. The 2009's â€Å"Clarity Project† was propelled with the point of enhancing clarity and quality in all ISAs. The change proceeded in 2011 with the discussion paper â€Å"Enhancing the Value of Auditor Reporting: Exploring Options for Change† and in 2012 the IAASB published the invite to observe, â€Å"Improving the Auditor’s Report†. The latest work of the directing body has been the 2013 welcome to remark with the title â€Å"Proposed New and Revised International Standards on Auditing. An invitation to comment†. Evaluators' professional judgments, close by master doubt, are essential parts for great surveys. The expression "professional scepticism" is largely used yet may mean unmistakable things to different affiliations and individuals. The controller should not acknowledge that organisation is neither authentic nor misleading. Professional scepticism is portrayed in the ISAs as a perspective that fuses an investigating mind, monitoring conditions that may indicate possible misrepresent because of ruining or deception, and an essential assessment of audit affirmation. ISAs unequivocally require the investigator to orchestrate and play out a survey with professional scepticism seeing that conditions may exist that cause the money related response to be substantially misquoted (Tepalagul & Lin, 2015). Professional judgment is a method used to accomplish an especially mulled over conclusion that relies on upon the relevant facts and conditions available at the period of the conclusion. A focal part of the strategy is the commitment of individuals with sufficient learning and experience. Professional judgment incorporates the unmistakable verification, without slant, of sensible decisions; like this, attentive and target considered information that may have all the earmarks of being restricting to a conclusion is basic to its application. Additionally, both professional scepticism and objectivity are essential to the method and to accomplishing a fitting conclusion (). This has come when the cash related organisations region is regrouping after what has been to a great degree testing period for the business general (Collings, 2014). The part of the ensured auditor turns out to be logically under the spotlight of the current overall fiscal turbulence. It is central that the accountancy calling reexamines the piece of audit and assertion, and considers accommodating, reasonable ways which both can upgrade and continue profiting associations, the economy and society in the 21st century (). For each circumstance, the audit admonitory gatherings and free head of basic associations, have a particularly fundamental part to play in foresting the conditions that reinforce audit quality. There are in like manner desperate circumstances for the audit to crush, for instance, oversight of auditors, audit charge, individual fiscal interest and business relationship between and audit practice and an audit client. (Gendron & Power, 2015). It is comparably imperative to have a true blue view and perception of the market and perception of asserted auditors in the country, where control of statutory and essential benchmarks of the issues in the audit business and colossal risks had been considered to accomplish shared destinations. Audits in the monetary circumstances, when the audit clients (substances) need to restrain the costs, including the cost of the audit organizations, is a great test for audit takes a shot at with respect to remuneration for audit organizations, to meet the yearnings of the client and meanwhile to allow to perform reasonable audits according to Clarified International Standards on Auditing, and furthermore getting advantage. This condition makes the current auditing sharpens study the models of the present costs set for the audit organisations and investigating the existing norms of the audit method. The clients that have an audit are looking for regard included audits; which can allow auditors to finish confiding in the market and with no attempt at being subtle premium. To ensure practical change and advancement of the audit practices, audit firms need to take off subjective enha ncements in making the audits all the more convincing and viable and upgrading the correspondence with the clients, while meanwhile totally meeting the necessities set by authorization and models. Furthermore, current situation in the auditor sharpen places and work requires higher costs for audit quality and unmistakable audit, and over control keeping an eye on and furthermore surveillance from the authorization and national government part that is generally due to the 2007 to 2009 cash related crisis and high danger security costs, considering the credible examples (Andrews, 2015). Auditors may go over circumstances, amid their examinations, which bear a resemblance to corruption. Since examination requires diverse benchmarks and aptitudes, the auditors can't get into the matter of exploring an associated case with corruption. Be that as it may, they can forward concentrates of their reports to examining offices for further test. When contrasted with auditing, examination is an alternate region of oversight. In any case, auditors can assume a fundamental part in helping the offices in charge of examination against asserted instances of corruption (Jacobs & Cuganesan, 2014). The examining organization could be an interior element, some hostile to corruption commission, police, legal or a particular body for a super corruption case. The examination might be started on a grumbling from a resident, representative, auditor or a boss in an association. Inner auditors for the most part have more enhanced and definite learning of operations in various parts of the asso ciation than the exploring organization staff that might be conveyed just for a specific case. The inward auditors can help the exploring staff in translating different tenets, in clarifying different practices, in sharing a portion of the classified data that they may have or examining specialized points of interest of operations. The interior auditors can pinpoint territories of intemperate cost and weaker controls which can help the examining staff in distinguishing corruption (Modugu, Ohonba and Izedonmi, 2012). Methodology is a part of research that deals with various sorts of techniques and processes that are related to the research directly. It has been described by Crowther and Lancaster (2012) that research methodology is a pondered approach towards driving the full research handle in a suitably exact and composed way. The methodology of research largely adds to the impression of the particular strategies of the research strategy. In this way, the research strategy can be considered as a sorted out system of research. The research approach is another huge strategy, which decides the perspective of the entire audit. There are two different sorts of research methodologies, which are deductive approach and inductive approach. In an inductive approach, a researcher begins by social event data that is related and short time scans for cases in the data, endeavouring to develop a theory that could clear up those illustrations. They start with a course of action of observations, and subsequently they move from those particular experiences to a wider game plan of proposals about those experiences. So to speak, they move from data to theory or from the specific to the general (). The deductive approach focuses on adequate testing of the research hypothesis that would dismember the profitability of research theory. The researcher starts with a social theory that they find persuading and after that tests its recommendations with data. That is, they move from a more deep level to a more specific one. (). Most research design can be detached into three distinct characterizations: exploratory, descriptive and causal. Each fills the other side need and should be used as a part of certain ways. In the review world, specialist of each one of the three can incite to sounder bits of learning and more important quality information. The back and forth movement research work is furthermore revolved around finding the clearest disclosures as to the research issue. In this particular condition, striking design solely offers the opportunity to survey every piece of research work in a great style (Pickard, 2013). Research frames require different forms of data and is done by primary and secondary data (Fink, 2013). Primary data are seen as those data that has been amassed from the respondents of the survey. They are amassed with the help of gatherings, surveys, audits and similar methodologies. It is seen as a significant and incredibly profitable system for the perception of the present financial circumstance. Organised correspondence with the respondents even assists in perceiving any issues that should be recovered to fulfil advance change. On the other hand, secondary data is suggested as the data that are appropriated as books, journals, online diaries or locales. A researcher must have both primary and secondary data. Secondary data can be amassed with the help of a book's observation or examining, or from a journal or correlated destinations (O'Leary, 2013). These sorts of data help researchers in getting a handle on the real thought of the point (Palinkas et al., 2015). The study is projected to examine the issues in auditing of financial reports and what are the possible ways to solve it according to standards. To guide this theme, secondary data has been gathered. The research was driven using two systems: (i) inclusion-exclusion criteria, and (ii) keyword search strategy Inclusion-Exclusion Criteria: Inclusion criteria are the characteristics of the substance that are key for their sharing. Obviously, evading measures are the properties of an article that summon their release as materials (Lin et al., 2013). The following table demonstrates the inclusion-exclusion criteria followed in this research. holding one or more key related expressions or themes from Australia, Europe, United States of America and the United Kingdom, focusing mainly on Australia substance from developing countries Table 1. Inclusion-Exclusion Criteria For this review, 20,000 articles, magazines, books and journals have browsed the records. Out of that, thirty-two were used for referencing. Keyword search strategy: Keyword search strategy is a convincing technique of taking after related data regarding any matter (Robson & McCartan, 2016). The three degrees of arranging a catchphrase look approach are: Representing the issue: It concentrates on answering suitably to the important focuses of the investigation   Selecting catchphrases: It oversees choosing terms that relate to the fundamental importance of the subject. In this review expression like "auditing", "financial reports", "accounting", "accountants† and â€Å"auditors† and so on were used. Taking a database: Databases are utilised for accumulating data and reports concerning a particular point subject. For this review government databases, yearly reports, diary articles thus on were used. The auditor has an obligation to organize and play out the audit to get sensible assertion about whether the budgetary enunciations are free of material misrepresent, paying little respect to whether achieved by mix-up or distortion. In perspective of the method for audit affirmation and the characteristics of deception, the auditor can gain sensible, yet not add up to, assertion that material misrepresentations are perceived. The auditor has no commitment to organize and play out the audit to secure sensible affirmation that misrepresentations, paying little respect to whether brought on by misstep or distortion, that are not material to the budgetary announcements are perceived (Coleman, 2015). Given that professional accountants don't agree with the changed cravings of their part, and the purposes of imprisonment on the auditor's possible part in controlling deception, distinctive examinations in the expectation and area of corporate blackmail should be discussed. These consolidate authoritative controls, delegate screening, lawful accounting, and others. Researches have exhibited that most affiliations have the best center setbacks per capita occasioned by degenerate practices. The primary clarification behind this is on account of internal controls are less exceptional and stringent in humbler affiliations (Barton & Bruder, 2014). To fight the issue of blackmail, a basic segment in avoiding theft is strict inside controls, segregation of commitments, and parcel of limits. For example, direct frameworks, for instance, not letting the individual composed work the checks oblige the bank declaration, not allowing the tolerant office to keep up physical stock records, not letting the individual beginning the purchase organize bolster the portion, and not letting the individual keeping up the staff database in like manner issue back checks, may help disengage incongruent limits inside a business. Along these lines, internal controls may be sustained and coercion halted by division of limits (Rate & Rate, 2016). Another part to fight blackmail is adequate laborer screening. Regardless of the way that this declaration may show up extremely clear, an awesome prompt to take after to restrain the threat of distortion is to obtain reasonable agents. There are various affiliations invest huge energy in pre-work screening. These screening tests fuse lie identifier and medicine tests and fingerprinting of laborers. Through adequate individual confirmations of information on resumes and applications, a business can bring out basically more information and make sense of whether the principal information is correct (Rate & Rate, 2016). A third fragment to preventing blackmail is making a business circumstance that abatements the clear need of an obliged specialist to submit distortion. This environment fuses making open and solid correspondences for getting, surveying agent execution, and assessing specialists for progression. These components, close by controlling activities and agent headway attempts, may lessen the clear need of a laborer to submit blackmail. Finally, two or three additional parts to business distortion neutralizing activity consolidate setting up a hotline whereby related agents can report shocking lead, having a strange state specialist study unopened bank declarations month to month, developing a made code out of ethics, and guaranteeing organization level laborers are great illustrations. Regardless of the way that these additional practices may not seem, by all accounts, to be basic, they help develop the tone inside the working environment and may help forestall fake activities (Rate & Rat e, 2016). Auditors should have the ability to guarantee and prevent ponder lead and exercises that undermined the will of the all-inclusive community, abuse of open resources and activities that undermine accountability and straightforwardness. This customarily incorporates ensuring that the right kind of controls is set up. Auditors must have a zero strength of debasement and should decrease uncalled for portions each year that result from coercion, misuse and portions botches. This would incite to progress in building our economy. Extortion and corporate wrongdoings have extended essentially over the span of the latest ten years, and professionals believe this example is most likely going to continue. The cost to business and the all-inclusive community must be surveyed, a similar number of wrongdoings go unreported. To fight deception and professional wrongdoing in associations, a ponder effort must be connected by the organization of the business, the outside auditors, and by all delegates of the business. Everyone must comprehend that coercion is not an innocuous wrongdoing. The cost of coercion and theft are shared by all through higher costs and lower corporate advantages. Through adequate inside controls by organization, better working environments for delegates, more stringent essentials for outside auditors, and codes of ethics for agents, everyone can start to fight fakes and defalcations inside corporate world. AASB, (2014). Professional scepticism and audit of financial statements. Foreword from IAASB Chairman. 16 pages. Retrieved 8 February 2017, from https://www.ifac.org   Andrews, C. (2015). HR Performance Auditing: An Australian Story. Barton, H., & Bruder, N. (2014).  A guide to local environmental auditing. Routledge. Bebbington, J., Unerman, J., & O'Dwyer, B. (2014).  Sustainability accounting and accountability. Routledge. Caskey, J. (2013). Discussion of â€Å"The Economics of Setting Auditing Standards†.  Contemporary Accounting Research,  30(3), 1216-1222. Christensen, T. E., Baker, R. E., & Cottrell, D. M. (2014).  Advanced Financial Accounting. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Coleman Sr, L. B. (2015).  Advanced Quality Auditing: An Auditor’s Review of Risk Management, Lean Improvement, and Data Analysis. ASQ Quality Press. Collings, S. (2014).  Frequently Asked Questions in International Standards on Auditing. John Wiley & Sons. Crowther, D., & Lancaster, G. (2012).  Research methods. Routledge. Fink, A. (2013).  Conducting research literature reviews: From the Internet to paper. Sage Publications. Gendron, Y., & Power, M. K. (2015). Research Forum on Qualitative Research in Auditing.  AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory,  34(2), 1-2. Gupta, A. K. (2015). Emerging Issues In Accounting.  Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies,  3(11). Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K., & Howieson, B. (2015).  Issues in financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. Jacobs, K., & Cuganesan, S. (2014). Interdisciplinary accounting research in the public sector: dissolving boundaries to tackle wicked problems.  Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal,  27(8), 1250-1256. Kaplan, R. S., & Atkinson, A. A. (2015).  Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning. Lin, J. S., Olson, C. M., Johnson, E. S., Senger, C. A., Soh, C. B., & Whitlock, E. P. (2013). Inclusion/exclusion criteria. Modugu, P. K., Ohonba, N., & Izedonmi, F. (2012). Challenges of auditors and audit reporting in a corrupt environment.  Research Journal of Finance and Accounting,  3(5), 77-82. O'Leary, Z. (2013).  The essential guide to doing your research project. Sage. Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research.  Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research,  42(5), 533-544. Pickard, A. J. (2013).  Research methods in information. Facet publishing. Rate, B., & Rate, H. (2016). Issues and Recommendations.  Group,  3(124.00), 65-20. Robson, C., & McCartan, K. (2016).  Real world research. John Wiley & Sons. Tepalagul, N., & Lin, L. (2015). Auditor independence and audit quality: A literature review.  Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance,  30(1), 101-121. William Jr, M., Glover, S., & Prawitt, D. (2016).  Auditing and assurance services: A systematic approach. McGraw-Hill Education. Anderson, U. L., Gaynor, L. M., Hackenbrack, K. E., Lisic, L. L., & Wu, Y. J. (2014). Comments by the Auditing Standards Committee of the Auditing Section of the American Accounting Association on PCAOB Release No. 2013-009, Proposed Rule on Improving the Transparency of Audit: Proposed Amendments to PCAOB Auditing Standards to Provide Disclosure in the Auditor's Report of Certain Participants in the Audit: Participating Committee Members.  Current Issues in Auditing,  8(2), C1-C7. Biondi, L., & Lapsley, I. (2014). Accounting, transparency and governance: the heritage assets problem.  Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management,  11(2), 146-164. Bowen, S. O. N. G. (2014). Contradiction between accounting information disclosure and auditing supervision.  Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Social Science Edition),  2, 012. Cannon, N., & Bedard, J. C. (2016). Auditing challenging fair value measurements: Evidence from the field.  The Accounting Review. Chatfield, M., & Vangermeersch, R. (2014).  The history of accounting (RLE accounting): an international encylopedia. Routledge. Knechel, W. R., & Salterio, S. E. (2016).  Auditing: assurance and risk. Routledge. Lennox, C. S., Wu, X., & Zhang, T. (2014). Does mandatory rotation of audit partners improve audit quality?.  The accounting review,  89(5), 1775-1803. Power, M. K., & Gendron, Y. (2015). Qualitative research in auditing: A methodological roadmap.  Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory,  34(2), 147-165.

Global economic environment &marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Global economic environment &marketing - Essay Example Secondly, the fact that there was emphasis on the achievement of fairness rather than focusing of liberalization of trade also resulted in disagreement among member states. The fact that certain nations had bargaining power over others and this power was being shifted to other member countries caused a rift between members. Some of these issues reflect on the case study. For instance, one of the guidelines of the organisation was fairness. However, countries usually want to maintain the bargaining power over others irrespective of the fact that globalization has resulted in change and new markets where countries which were not major players in the past are currently significant players in the market. 4.2 In the international market, free trade cannot be fair. This is as a result of the fact that each country wants to protect its indigenous business establishment thus governments end up providing an added advantage over other business organisations in the international market (Salvato re, 2012. For instance, countries such as the United States of America are known to offer subsidies to farmers in order to give them an upper hand in the import and export sector. Question Five 5.1 Various a factors contributed to the economic crisis in Thailand to spread to other south East Asia countries making it a contagion. One of the major factors that contributed to this is that most of the respective governments in the region did not deal with the increasing balance of benefits in turkey, overheating pressures the stock market and property bubbles early enough. The fact that pegged / fixed exchange rates went on for too long was also a major contributor since it resulted in a false sense of stability that encouraged firms in the region to lend huge sums of money to those in Thailand. Finally, the fact that financial markets in the region were not regulated and supervised at the time was also major contributor 5.2 Countries in the region would have been able to prevent such a crisis if they implemented certain policies. Firstly, more supervision and regulation would have helped in ensuring that balance deficits that were present would not have risen to that level (Jackson, 1999). Secondly, countries in the region should have come up with measures that would ensure that stock market and property bubbles could be withstood since they would have been forecasted. Finally, the region would have adopted exchange rates that were not fixed. They would allow the exchange rate of currencies in the region to be determined by the forces of demand and supply. This would have helped greatly since a fall in the Thai baht would indicate something was wrong. Report Introduction There are various indicators that are used to determine the economic position in which a country or a region is in. Such indicators are instrumental in policy and decision making especially for business establishments that operate internationally. Such companies are able to determine if their bus iness ventures will be successful by evaluating indicators such as GDP. This part of the paper will focus on how different indicators have affected particular regions and how they are interpreted by an organisation Gross domestic product (GDP) is an indicator in macroeconomics that is used to measure the economic state of a country. It is the value of all goods and services recognised officially produced within a specific country in a stipulated period. In general, it is used to determine

Final ex - short answer questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final ex - short answer questions - Assignment Example 2) Budget deficits lead to high interest in the, which in turn reduces the net foreign investment. The reduction in the net foreign investment increases the demand of dollars due to reduction in dollar supply. This makes the E to appreciate in value and reducing the value of NX. 2) The Fed should conduct a policy to stabilize the production of goods and services. In this case the fiscal policy should have aimed at stabilizing the production. The policies should ensure that the prices dont adjust immediately. For an economy in recession, the Keynesian takes the cation of stabilizing output by the use monetary policies and fiscal policies. They believe that the government should take the place of restoring the economic order, but not the private sector. They believe that expansive monetary policies will create employment and fiscal policies will avail more money for lending hence investments and economic order. The classicalists advocate for keeping in order the supply factors to bring economic growth. They emphasize on improving the supply side of production so as to achieve economic growth. In this case the factors of production such as labor and capital should be increased, hence increasing the level of output. They emphasize on the use of market sources to stabilize the economy. Increase in domestic production will lead to large exports, hence export earnings and a favorable balance of payments. The monetarists advocate of growing the supply of money at a low constant rate, in order to maintain the price relatively constant. Emphasize that fiscal policies such as increasing the spending by the government will lead to increased interest rates. The fractional reserve banking was to be blamed for the Great Depression of 1929-1933. The high reserve requirement ratio leads to very minimal withdrawals by the account holders. This in turn made them to have a very minimal amount to

Fist Pumping Their Way To The Top Essay Example for Free

Fist Pumping Their Way To The Top Essay â€Å"Gym, Tanning, Laundry†, these three words have become increasingly popular among teenagers because of MTV’s hit reality television show, Jersey Shore. Television shows and their stars can become very influential to many of their viewers. Many of these viewers strive to be like these stars and mimic their style and attitude, in hopes of living the same careless lifestyle that has made these stars known around the world. Unfortunately, these television shows don’t always portray certain aspects of life realistically, and therefore send a false message that can be very deceiving. Studies show that television shows tend to follow several popular trends that do indeed portray the wrong reality. Harry F. Water’s article, â€Å"Life According to TV†, analyzes the different trends that television shows and movies in popular culture tend to follow. Harry Water’s focuses on George Gerbner’s research on the scientific examination of television far beyond familiar children-and-violence arguments. He describes television’s reality warp dealing with sex, age, race, work, health and crime. Water’s states in his article, â€Å"People over 65, too, are grossly underrepresented on television. Correspondingly, heavy-viewing Annenberg respondents believe that the elderly are a vanishing breed and that they make up a smaller proportion of the population today than they did 20 years ago. In fact, they form the nations most rapidly expanding age group† (Waters, 1982). Jersey Shore is a reality television show similar to that of â€Å"The Real World† and markets binge drinking, partying, fake tanning, and sleeping all day. It seems that the drama-driven cast seems to be promoting a careless way of life, and in fact might be rubbing off on its viewers. Elderly people are rarely seen on the show, and the stars are constantly shown going out with other young people, and going to bars and clubs that consist of other people around their age group. Even though some of the stars on the show are in their 30’s, they still live a constant partying lifestyle and act as though they are still young and essentially do not have to grow up yet. Teenagers watching this show can see this lifestyle as normal and strive to live their life the same way. The stars in the show live in a nice house and are constantly spending money, even though they only work at a pizza, ice cream and t-shirt company. In reality, these types of jobs would not cover the type of expenses these lifestyles come with. This lifestyle is extremely glamorized and in reality, someone living the same lifestyle as these stars would not be living nearly as luxuriously as they do, due to the success rate they have gained from the show. Many of these stars are on the front of magazines and all over different television talk shows because their show has become so successful and is increasing in fans. Some worry that viewers might have more motivation to be like these casts members and partake in inappropriate activities in hopes that they too will get famous. David Showalter a columnist for New Jersey newsroom says that, â€Å"MTVs Jersey Shore success is a cultural phenomenon† (Showalter, 2011), and for the most part he is absolutely correct. Jersey Shore has been a huge success, but for what? Partying? Another aspect of life that television shows often times portray unrealistically is health. Water’s states in his article, â€Å"Although video characters exist almost entirely on junk food and quaff alcohol 15 times more often than water, they manage to remain slim, healthy and beautiful.† Jersey Shore is centered almost entirely on partying and living that partying lifestyle- partying all night and recovering for half of the next day in order to be ready to do it again. However, the majority of the cast appears to be extremely well fit. This can confuse viewers because constant partying and binge drinking daily can be extremely harmful to one’s health. Even though going to the gym is part of these cast members daily routine, it does not make up for their excessive partying and will eventually catch up to them, when the viewers are no longer watching. These stars go out almost every night and are constantly shown belligerent to the point where they can’t walk and are starting fights in clubs and other public places, and for some reason young teenagers are seeing this as something cool to participate in. In an interview by Steven Guarino, he states, â€Å"Alcoholism is promoted on the Jersey Shore so much that it could influence younger viewers to drink irresponsibly.† The motive and center of the show is clearly the stars ongoing party lifestyle and their crazy drunken endeavors. The Situation, one of the cast members, has even stated in the first season on the first episode, â€Å"You can hate on me all you want to, but what can you possibly say to somebody that looks like Rambo, pretty much, with his shirt off.† Therefore, although the stars are constantly drinking and eating poorly, they still remain slim and good-looking, when in reality most people would be looking the complete opposite. Walter’s article also states, â€Å"Frequent TV watchers, the Annenberg investigators found, eat more, drink more, exercise less and possess an almost mystical faith in the curative powers of medical science.† When watching television shows, sometimes we get hooked and start to believe and agree with these stars way of life, not noticing the reality of it and allowing ourselves to get sucked into popular culture. Tanning is another major part of the popular Jersey Shore lifestyle. As we know, fake tanning can be very harmful to our skin, and cause skin cancer. However, the Jersey Shore characters act as if it is a way of life. Waters also states in his article, Television may well be the single most pervasive source of health information. And it’s over idealized images of medical people, coupled with its complacency about unhealthy life-styles, leaves both patients and doctors vulnerable to disappointment, frustration and even litigation (Waters, 1982). Despite what children have heard from their parents or other people, the un-healthy diets they see on television can appear healthy to them because they seem to be working for these reality TV stars and consequently can end up being more influential than what they’ve heard. Snooki, one of the show’s main characters, recently said on a Jay Leno show, that shed like to change the world by installing cancer-causing tanning beds in everybodys homes.† Every member on the show tans in a tanning bed daily as a consistent part of their daily lives, and considers being tan as one of the main things one must do in order to be good looking. The cast members are very forward about this and seem to see nothing wrong with it. The Situation states in the second episode of the first season, â€Å"I wait till the last minute to shave, I wait till the last minute to put my shirt on ‘cause you feel fresh. These are rules to live by, shave last minute, haircut the day-of, maybe some tanning and the gym. You gotta do the guido handbook.† These quotes seem to be aiming towards the casts members’ hopes to influence viewers to live these similar lifestyles and to shoot to look like them, even if it’s not what’s best for the viewers’ health and unfortunately television shows continue to influence people in the wrong way. Although Jersey Shore seems to capture every negative aspect of reality television and continues to be unrealistic, it somehow remains the most viewed series on MTV. The third season finale delivered 4.8 million viewers; almost triple the audience who watched the season premiere on December 3 (Martin). It is clear that the Jersey Shore phenomenon is continuing to grow and become more widespread than ever before. This can be very troubling to parents and the messages being sent to young teenagers is influencing them in a very negative way, while showing them unrealistic â€Å"reality television†. With popular culture becoming more and more deceiving, viewers can forget to question who they are really taking after.

Sophocles Antigone - Creons Flaws :: Antigone essays

Antigone: Creon's Flaws In the play Antigone, I choose Creon to be the tragic hero because he is the King of Thebes and he looses everything he has. Creon being King makes the audience believe that something like that can happen to the King then what can happen to us. Antigone the niece of Creon, The sister of Polyneices was punished by Creon for burying Polyneces after his death, Creon has forbidden anybody to do so. Once Creon punished Antigone the blind prophet Teiresias told him that the Gods will take revenge for his actions, then Creon tried to change everything but he is too late. Creon's tragic flaws were his stubbornness, the abuse of power and the actions he took to cause the downfall of the Thebes. Creon showed his stubbornness by not wanting to be proved wrong because of pride. When the Choragos tried to tell Creon that he made a mistake by telling that nobody can burry the body of Polyneices. Creon did not want to listen to the people of Thebes who tried to tell him that Antigone did the right thing, but of fear to Creon the could not really say anything. Creon thought by making an example of Antigone's execution, everybody would get scared and won't try to brake his laws. It actually worked for a while. Creon abused his power by thinking that he can change or brake the laws of the Gods and not allowing other people to brake his laws. He did not want to burry Polyneices' body, but one of the God's law is that every human deserves to be buried after death not depending what that certain person did in his lifetime. Creon caused fear among his people by making a public announcement that nobody is allowed to burry Polyneices. He said that the state of Thebes consists of only him, and that there are no other laws then his. According to the play the major actions that Creon took to cause the downfall of Thebes are that he did not want to burry Polyneices nor did allow any body to do it. Creon broke the burial law of the Gods and punished Antigone for following their laws. The people of Thebes knew that Creon made a mistake but still were too afraid to speak up. Antigone thought that she should get honored for that what she did, but Creon did not think that way.

Heteronormativity Kritik Essay

This chapter is about sex, but not the sex that people already have clarity about. ‘Outer space’ as a human, political domain is organized around sex, but a ‘sex’ that is tacitly located, and rarely spoken, in official discourse. The poli ­ tics of outer space exploration, militarization and commercialization as they are conceived of and practiced in the US, embody a distinction between public and private (and appropriate behaviours, meanings and identities therein) highly dependent upon heteronormative hierarchies of property and propriety. The central aim of this chapter is to show how US outer space discourse, an imperial discourse of technological, military and commercial superiority, configutes and prescribes success and successful behaviour in the politics of outer space in particularly gendered forms. US space discourse is, I argue, predicated on a heteronormative discourse of conquest that reproduces the dominance of heterosexual masculinity(ies), and which hierarchically orders the construction of other (subordinate) gender identities. Reading the politics of outer space as heteronormative suggests that the discourses through which space exists consist of institutions, structures of understanding, practical orientations and regulatory practices organized and privileged around heterosexuality. As a particularly dominant discursive arrangement of outer space politics, US space discourse (re)produces meaning through gendered assumptions of exploration, colonization, economic endeavour and military conquest that are deeply gendered whilst presented as universal and neutral. US space discourse, which dominates the contemporary global politics of outer space, is thus formed from and upon institutions, structures of understanding, and practical orientations that privilege and normalize heterosexualiry as universal. As such, the hegemonic discursive rationalizations of space exploration and conquest ,re)produce both heterosexuality as ‘unmarked’ (that is, thoroughly normal ­ ized) and the heterosexual imperatives that constitute suitable space-able people, practices and behaviours. As the introduction to this volume highlights, the exploration and utilization of outer space can thus far be held up as a mirror of, rather than a challenge to, existent, terrestrially-bound, political patterns, behaviours and impulses. The new possibilities for human progress that the application and development of space technologies dares us to make are grounded only in the strategy ­ obsessed (be it commercially, militarily or otherwise) realities of contemporary global politics. Outer space is a conceptual, political and material space, a place for collisions and collusions (literally and metaphorically) between objects, ideas, identities and discourses. Outer space, like international relations, is a global space always socially and locally embedded. There is nothing ‘out there’ about outer space. It exists because of us, not in spite of us, and it is this that means that it only makes sense in social terms, that is, in relation to our own constructions of identity and social location. In this chapter, outer space is the problematic to which I apply a gender analysis; an arena wherein past, current and future policy-making is embedded in relation to certain performances of power and reconfigurations of identity that are always, and not incidentally, gendered. Effective and appropriate behaviour in the politics of ourer space is configured and prescribed in particularly gendered forms, with heteronormative gender regulations endowing outer space’s hierarchies of technologically superior, conquesting performance with theif everyday power. It is through gender that US techno-strategic and astro-political discourse has been able to (re)produce outer space as a heterosexualized, masculinized realm. Heteronormativity K 1NC 2. The drive to colonize space precludes queer identities and concretizes sexual difference. This reinforces heterosexism and turns women into commodities. Casper and Moore 95 (Monica J. , Ph. D in sociology from the University of California, San Francisco, feminist scholar and researcher on reproductive justice. Lisa Jean, Ph. D in sociology from the University

Importance Of Purpose Audience Tone And Content In Academic Writing and two methods of weight lose Essay

?Importance Of Purpose Audience Tone And Content In Academic Writing Purpose audience tone and content all of these are part of writing process and are extremely important for a good piece of academic writing. Paragraph divide ideas into logical and manageable parts. Purpose, tone and audience these three elements shape the content of each paragraph. Purpose: The reason why the writer is writing the paragraph and what is his hope to achieve with the paper. Without a sturdy purpose the paper is worthless. Tone: The thoughts the writer conveys about the paragraph’s subject. If the tone is not appropriately chosen and used all through the paper then it can seem cluttered and possibly even incoherent. Audience: It’s extremely significant and this is the individual or group whom the writer intends to reach or address. It may be a specific group, teacher, student or general group. Fig: Purpose, Audience, Tone, and Content Triangle (source: https://new. edu/resources/purpose-audience-tone-and-content) From the figure we can see that purpose , audience and tone all are focuses to content. Introduction: Weight loss, in the context of medicine, health, or physical fitness, is a reduction of the total body mass, due to a mean loss of fluid, body fat oradipose tissue and/or lean mass, namely bone mineral deposits, muscle, tendon, and other connective tissue. Weight loss is one of today’s most trendy obsessions among individuals. Weight loss can have positive and negative consequence on an individual. It can occur unintentionally due to an underlying disease or can arise from a conscious effort to improve an actual or perceived overweight or obese state. Weight loss in the context of medicine , health or fitness , is a reduction in body mass of an individual, because of an average loss of liquid , fat or tissue such as muscle , tendon or tissue conjunctive . One of today’s most popular obsessions among individuals is weight loss. Weight loss can have positive and negative implication on an individual. A large of number of people now day checks out new ways to lose weight to fit modern way of life. A few people favor to use artificial techniques similar to consuming pills and equipment claiming to provide weight loss, at the same time others try natural procedures such as modifying diet, lifestyle, and cardio-training and the techniques for burning fat.

Solomon And The Queen Of Sheba Essays - Solomon, Books Of Kings

Solomon And The Queen Of Sheba Essays - Solomon, Books Of Kings Solomon And The Queen Of Sheba On Francesco del Cossas Meeting of Solomon and the Queen of Sheba The Italian artist, Francesco del Cossa, created an oil painting on a panel during the mid-15th century called Meeting of Solomon and the Queen Sheba. This work is now displayed in the Boston Museum of Fine Art. The plate that identifies the painted tray in the museum explains that this twelve sided tray is a ceremonial tray, most likely in honor of the marriage of Solomon and the Queen of Sheba and given to them as a gift. The back of the tray was against the wall but the identification plate noted that two cupid figures with cornucopias and coral necklaces were painted there to symbolize good luck and fertility. The most striking part of this work is the symmetry. The symmetrical architectural structures perfectly centers the palace. The dome of the palace perfectly divides the arch behind it; the highest point of the palace perfectly divides the sky within the main arch. The next most noticeable point of this painting is where the figures of the Queen of Sheba and Solomon stand. They appear to protrude out from the rest of the painting. Each has an out turned foot that comes into the viewers space. This aspect and the symmetry make it apparent that the Queen and Solomon are the characters to be focused on. The deep color is very striking, especially the abundance of reds, pinks and purple. It seems very bold, perhaps suggesting the royalty of the subjects. The overcast gray sky is the same color as the dome of Solomons palace. Perhaps the dome is supposed to look as if it is made of metal, but it appears to reflect the trouble that is about to storm. The entire painting is almost composed exclusively of shades of red and black, with highlights of blue. The use of color is not realistic, but very symbolic. Meeting of Solomon and the Queen of Sheba utilizes many of the techniques that were beginning to be used in painting during the 15th century. The vanishing point lies on the central angelic statue above the arch of Solomons throne. The lines created by the checkered floor and the landscape in the background suggest the depth and distance of this image. Francesco del Cossa filled the space he had. All space is taken advantage of by detail of architecture and people. The arches and circular lines may suggest motion. As a whole, this painting is very geometrical with the twelve-sided frame, the repetition of the arches and the line of people represented across the lower half of the work. The people in this painting are telling. The viewer first notices the Queen of Sheba and Solomon, who are at the so close to the edge of the floor that if they took one more step they would step to the ground. Their hands just slightly touch, but do not hold eachother, as if they would rather not have their hands that close together. This may suggest that this marriage is not a ceremony of love, but one of necessity. This is also reflected by their eyes, which do not meet. In fact, Solomon appears to be in a daze, almost possessed. The Queen of Sheba has a slight smile on her lips but her down turned eyes make her seem sad. The subjects on either side of the Queen and Solomon are interesting as well. Almost every woman appears to be in the correct place. They seem quite proper with their hands clasped in a similar fashion behind the Queen. They appear to be supporting her. The men behind Solomon are less organized. Two men, one in a bright red cloak, appear to be having a conversation of their own, taking away from the important event that is depicted. There is a mysterious man in black in the background at the right. He is leaning against his own small archway; his hat and dress are unlike the others. He holds a strange red object at his waist. There is also a small woman wearing all black in the lower left part of this painting. She does not display the same

Schools inflicted with poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Schools inflicted with poverty - Essay Example The six schools surveyed had fared well in their respective state literacy tests â€Å"recording between 68 to 89 percent of students who had either met or exceeded their state’s standard of proficiency†. All six schools used the ‘Four Blocks Framework’ for balanced literacy. Having established the common strain in all six schools, the writer then identified 12 factors that are important for high academic achievement and set about studying how these factors functioned in these six schools. These 12 factors are, assessment; community involvement; comprehensive curriculum; engagement instruction; leadership; materials; parent participation; perseverance and persistence; professional development; real reading and writing; and specialist support. Assessment needs to be devised in a manner that it guides instruction, the community members must assist the school in its instructional task. Curriculum should be centered on the basics in the primary stage but must not exclude science and social studies totally. There has to be a high level of student engagement in the literacy activities if real learning has to take place. Teachers have to devise a method for one-to-one instruction and monitoring even while teaching the whole class. A strong leadership â€Å"embodied in a committed, passionate and hands-on Principal† is a prerequisite for any school wanting to achieve its goals. Schools must have adequate material and resources for effective instruction. Parent participation in literacy activities enhances the effectiveness of the system. Perseverance and persistence is required no matter which method of instruction is followed, since the results will begin to show only after a reasonable period of time. Professional devel opment of teachers cannot be ignored. Teachers need to upgrade their skills constantly. To become good readers and writers, students must actually spend a lot of time

LIFO vs FIFO Depreciation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

LIFO vs FIFO Depreciation - Assignment Example LIFO method results to low net earnings by the company. However, if the company switches to FIFO it will result to Sgreater earnings, but under the condition that price remains invariable during trading period. However, using weighted average could result to greater earnings for the company.Increase in price of assets over time makes FIFO method to yield superior returns than LIFO method since overhead expenditure is lower than returns after increase in value of commodities (Mckee, Garner & Mckee, Y., 2000).   Regardless of the method used, companies would get uniform earnings in the absence of inflation. Also, using weighted average method results to a value which is higher than that of LIFO method, but lower than that of FIFO method.Companies use LIFO approach in order to counter the effects of inflation hence pays less tax. FIFO method is significant in a steady economy, but is helpful when economy is facing increase in price of commodities, because companies can report greater earnings than any other method. However, this result a mismatch of the expenditures incurred in production and the earnings from the products.  Most companies prefer LIFO method when estimating the value of their stock because the associated expenditure is most recent and is generally higher than actual expenditure. This enables companies to pay less income tax to the state. On the other hand, FIFO method is vital in an economy facing inflation because increase in prices result to increase in earnings.

Issues in Palliative Care Nursing Research Proposal

Issues in Palliative Care Nursing - Research Proposal Example However, majority of the nurses have insufficient training in communication skills, and, thus, conveying bad news has been a great issue in palliative care nursing. Research has indicated that poor communication skills may make the nurse frustrated or cause burnout. At other times, the nurses may be faced with an ethical dilemma such as euthanasia, and fail to come up with a proper decision. This is because most of them know nothing about moral sensitivity. A nurse who lacks moral sensitivity cannot use moral components or elements such as honesty and fidelity to make a proper ethical decision about a particular situation. Just like poor communication skills, inability to deal with an ethical dilemma can cause burnout and/or make the nurse frustrated. Thus, both ethical dilemmas and communication skills are key issues that can affect the quality of palliative care offered by the nurse. How the Problem Was Identified Palliative care is given to patients who are in the process of dying . These patients usually suffer from terminal diseases (diseases that have no cure or treatment). Dealing with these patients and their families is a big problem for the nurses especially if they have poor communication skills and cannot solve an ethical dilemma. ... Therefore, it becomes an issue if the nurse cannot offer holistic support to the patients. Research has indicated that communications skills and ethical dilemmas are issues in palliative care nursing. Brief Overview of Why It Is a Problem in Nursing As stated before, the quality of the patient and the nurse relationship has a direct effect on the quality of care provided. If the relationship is compromised by poor communication skills and inability to deal with ethical dilemmas, then, the quality of the care given will be low based on the severity of the compromise. Good communication skills and the ability to deal with ethical dilemmas are important because the opposite may adversely affect the holistic well-being of the patient and their families. Nurses are also affected in that they can get frustrated when they are unable to communicate well and deal with ethical dilemmas. Burnout can also occur if the nurse is unable to deal with these issues. Literature Review The purpose of pa lliative care is to enhance the quality of life and being supportive through the management and control of the patient’s symptoms to attain the best quality of life for the patients and their families. In such a case, death should not be hastened or postponed (Hughes, Bakos, O’Mara, and Kovner, 2005). The quality of the nurse and client relationship has a direct impact on the quality of care offered, and thus, important for effective nursing practice (McWilliam, Oudshoorn, and Ward-Griffin, 2007). Communication skills are significant in effective or successful delivery of palliative care. Much emphasis has been put on physician communication and this has brought a number of issues. Less emphasis has been put on communication as an important skill for the nurses. It is important to

Divorce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Divorce - Essay Example It is only the interpretation of Islamic law on marriage and divorce from a religious perspective. But a neutral and unbiased sociological interpretation of the Islamic laws related to marriage and divorce will necessarily reveal that Islamic laws are devoted to highlight a balanced support to both the individuals and the society. On the other hand, English law depends on a secular view of man and his existence in human society. This secular view assumes that man is essentially a self-sufficient structural functional entity who can decide his own life choice. Therefore, English law regarding marriage and divorce necessarily solely emphasizes on the individuals’ freedom and choice. It considers that individuals are the sole decision-maker in important matters like marriage and divorce. Indeed, this philosophical disparity determines all basic difference as well as similarities between the two laws. An in-depth analysis of divorce in Islamic Law necessarily demands a substantive description of how this legal systems view marriage. In Islam, a marriage is endowed with two facets: divine facet and social facet. The religious aspect of marriage necessarily assumes that it is a divine duty of every Muslim to marry and lead a peaceful and sacred conjugal life. According to Muhammad, it is a part of a Muslim’s faith in the divine. Simultaneously, it is his or her social duty also. In this regard, Mian Muhibullah Kakakhel (2008) likes to view the Islamic concept of marriage and divorce as following: It is well settled that marriage amongst Muslims is not a sacrament, but in the nature of a civil contract. Such a contract undoubtedly has spiritual and moral overtones and undertones but legally, in essence, it remains a contract between the parties which can be the subject of dissolution for good cause. (paras. 1) In order to a life of sanctity and prevent the social anarchy caused by promiscuous sexuality, a man must marry a woman, if his situation is physi cally and economically affordable to lead a conjugal life. Therefore, the primary requisites of marriage in Islam are that a Muslim must be able to fulfill the demands of sexuality as well as the economic needs of his family. If any person can fulfill these demands, he can enter marriage which is essentially considered as a social contract in Islam. The requisite for women to enter the marital contract is much easier than men. Since the economic expense of conjugal life sole pivots on men, women are free of the economic obligations. Hence, these prerequisites of Islamic marriage, in fact, determine those of divorce in Islam. Divorce in Islam is considered as the most heinous legality which empowers a man to divorce his wife without showing any reasonable cause. It is because Islam demands the unquestionable loyalty of women to their husbands. In this regard, a man will not be accountable to the Sharia council or the Islamic Legal system which consists of the elders and the religious authority of the society, unless his wife brings a charge of sexual perversion against him. On the other hand, a Muslim woman seeks divorce, she must appeal to the Sharia Council with the charges that her husband is sexually impotent or missing for years (Kakakhel, 2008, paras.2-7). The rule of divorce for men is different from that of women. If a man seeks divorce, the term, ‘

The Affect Of Intellegence Of The Hair Colour Cultural Studies Essay

The Affect Of Intellegence Of The Hair Colour Cultural Studies Essay In past research, Kyle and Mahler (1996) examined whether a female applicants hair color and use of cosmetics might affect perceptions of her ability for a professional position. One hundred thirty six college students reviewed the identical professional resume of a female applicant for the position of a staff accountant. Attached to the resume was a photograph of the stimulus female applicant either wearing or not wearing cosmetics and depicted with brunette, red, or blonde hair color. The results demonstrated significant main effects of both hair color and cosmetic use. Specifically, the applicant was rated more capable and was assigned a higher salary both when depicted with brunette hair color and when depicted without cosmetics. There were no interactions between hair color and cosmetic use. In a study of stereotyping based on physical appearance, 3 different photographs of the same attractive female, as a blonde, as a brunette, and as a redhead, were used. These were rated with a standard set of photographs of other attractive females on a number of dimensions that included intelligence and temperament by different groups of 75 male and 75 female undergraduates. Male Ss attributed significantly lower intelligence to blondes than to brunettes. The hypothesis that the target female would be rated as more temperamental as a redhead than as a blonde or a brunette was supported by the results. The authors suggest that the findings have serious implications for the way in which men view women. Methods Participants This research was conducted at Hunter College and New York metropolitan area, the participants were chosen through convenience sampling. There were 253 participants and only 245 participants reported their gender, 100 males (40.8%) and 145 females (59.2%). The participants were 18+ years old (N = 253, M= 23.99, SD= 7.41).Researchers marked the participants hair color after the survey was returned and there were 22 blondes (8.7%), 209 brown/dark hair (82.9%), 7 redheads (2.8%) and 14 other hair color (5.6%). Participants race was reported too, 56 Caucasians (22.2%), 46 Hispanics (18.3%), 58 African Americans (23%), 67 Asians (26.6%) and 25 reported as other (9.9%). There were 32 homosexuals (12.7%), 211 heterosexuals (84.1%), 5bisexuals (2%) and 3 as others (1.2%). Materials This experiment used a novel stimulus material that was produced by the researchers through face research lab website. The stimulus faces of Caucasian male and female, and mixed race male and female were generated using PsychoMorph, facial averaging software. Through Taaz.com, a makeover software, the stimulus faces were given natural looking hair style and hair color. The hair style chosen for females was Kirsten Dunst wavy hairstyle and males had Mia Wasikowska short hair. Females were given golden blonde, ash brown and red hair color. Whereas, males were given golden blonde, darkest brown and red hair color. The novel stimulus material consisted of one Caucasian male face, mixed race female face, mixed race male face, and Caucasian female face presented to the participants with identical hair color for each face. The survey had same set of ratings from 1-7 (7 being the extremely attractive, friendly and intelligent) and every stimulus faces were rated on their level of attractiven ess, friendliness and intelligence. There were also questions about the participants age, gender, ethnicity and sexual orientation (Appendix A). Only Caucasian faces were analyzed for the purposes of this experiment to avoid the potential confound of using hair colors that appear unnatural for mixed race faces. We also did not analyze friendliness or attractiveness ratings as our focus for this experiment was only intelligence. A consent form was given to all the participants discussing the purpose of the experiment to peoples first impressionbut no revealing the hypothesis of the study. Procedure The experiment took place in November 2012. Researchers discussed the stimulus material on Sunday, before the day of the experiment, and decided to conduct the research on weekdays instead of weekend. The researchers with the instructor discussed on the average type of stimulus faces and hair colors to be used for this research. Stimulus faces were generated using PsychoMorph, all faces had symmetrical and gender-appropriate features in order to appear attractive. Hair and hair color was generated using Taaz.com Makeover software (www.taaz.com/makeover).Then also discussed how the participants would rate the stimulus faces on their attractiveness, friendliness and intelligence. The researchers disbursed through various locations i.e. Hunter College and work place surveying the students and coworkers. Participants were selected through convenience sample in each of the locations. All the participants filled out a consent form prior to rating the faces, stating that the purpose of the research was to investigate peoples first impressions. The researchers handed out the novel stimulus material to the participants and were asked to rate the stimulus faces from 1-7 on attractiveness, friendliness and intelligence. Each participant was surveyed only on one set of hair color and the same procedure followed for rest of the hair colors for each participant. Each participant was given only one survey and after the survey was handed back to the researcher, they noted each participants hair color as either blonde, brown/black, red and other. After the survey was collected, the researchers inputted their own data on SPSS and then all the data was merged into one to create a larger sample. For inferential statistics, report that we ran a one way between subjects ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests for intelligence of all Caucasian faces. Results A one way between subjects ANOVA was conducted to test the differences between Caucasians with blonde, red, or brown/dark hair on intelligence. Our results showed us the effect of hair color on intelligence in males F (2, 250) = .53, p = .15 and in females F (2, 250) = 5.51, p = .08. For males, a post-hoc Tukey test compared the three groups, revealing no significant difference in perceived intelligence between Caucasian males with blonde hair (M = 4.52, SD = 1.36), dark hair (M = 4.71, SD = 1.13), or red hair (M = 4.57, SD = 1.22). For females, a post-hoc Tukey test compared the three groups, revealing that brunette Caucasian females (M = 5.25, SD = 1.27) were rated as more intelligent than blondes (M = 4.61, SD = 1.53), p = 0.006 and redheads (M = 4.73, SD = 1.24), p = 0.03.There was no significant difference between intelligence ratings of blondes and red-heads (p = 8.4). Overall, Caucasian females with dark hair were perceived as more intelligent than females with blonde or red hair. Male perceived intelligence ratings were not significantly affected by hair color.

Organizational Learning Essay -- Business Management

Introduction The business environment today is no longer just corporate but global. Businesses both local and multinational are being forced (by globalization and changes in technologies) to broaden their learning agenda to address the full range of challenges to meet and exceed the expectations for a sustainable global village. Learning is garnering new or modifying existing knowledge, skills, behaviours or values and it is more of a process because it is contextual and builds upon and is shaped by what we already know. Learning as a process involves the change in organizational behaviour as a result of new knowledge or experience. Peter Sange (1994) described organizational learning as being focused on the practice of five principles which will not only create a desired future for the organization, but give it the edge it needs to survive it today’s fast growing and highly competitive work environment. These five principles are mentioned below: 1. Systems thinking: organizations should endeavor to view the business environment as a ‘whole system’ which has parts and focus on building relationships with these parts to promote concord with the system rather than working against it. This helps the organization create long-term solutions to challenges. 2. Team learning: organizations should encourage team leaning to enhance the feeling of synergy and productiveness. Team learning impacts positively on individuals as their knowledge bases are broadened and a certain bond is built which creates a more conducive work environment through mutual respect. This is geared towards achieving organizational objectives, collectively. 3. Shared vision: there is a need for every part of a system to understand the reason for its existence. O... ...anizational learning and knowledge. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Smith, M. K. (2003) 'Learning theory', the encyclopedia of informal education, [online] Available from www.infed.org/biblio/b-learn.htm, accessed 6th April 2012 Atherton J S (2011) Learning and Teaching; what is learning? [Online] available from http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/whatlearn.htm, accessed 6th April 2012 Senge, P. et al. (1994) The Fifth Discipline Field book: strategies and tools for building a learning organization [online] available from: http://www.solonline.org/organizational_overview, accessed 7th April 2012 Child, J. Organisation: Contemporary Principles and Practice (2005), Blackwell Publishing Website http://systems-thinkers.org/index.php/resources/resource/reviews/the_fifth_discipline_fieldbook_strategies_and_tools_for_building_a_learning .

Caribbean Economy and Slavery Essay

What were the economical, social and political consequences which resulted from the changeover of tobacco to sugarcane in the 17th Century?’ Objectives †¢What is the sugar revolution? †¢What were the reasons for the change from tobacco to sugarcane (better termed a the sugar revolution) in the 17th century †¢Assess the social political and economical consequences which resulted from the change of tobacco to sugarcane in the 17th century Rationale The need for economic stability as well as potential growth in the French and eastern Caribbean islands led to what was best termed as the Sugar Revolution. The ‘Sugar Revolution’ was referred to as such due to the changes and consequences which were far reaching and rapid. This sugar revolution was the change from tobacco to sugar cane in the mid to late 17th century in the French and English Caribbean islands where monoculture was a rule. This revolution did not only just change sugar instead of tobacco to the chief crop; the population changed from white to black; the size of landholdings changed; and eventually the West Indies became ‘the cockpit of Europe’, thus these changes were just as equally revolutionary. The list of changes the sugar revolution brought was in surplus or inexhaustible for that matter. However, these inexhaustible changes can be best be fit under  three broad headings: political economical and social. This research question was chosen as it not only fascinated me that the eastern Caribbean’s French and English planters’ desire for greater profitability led to the sugar revolution and thus other changes that were equally revolutionary. This topic will allow the reader and anyone else who comes in contact with this SBA to better understand the reason for this change of chief crop and how the people of the Caribbean territories in†¦

Assignment Instructions Complete A Chart Showing Essay

Complete a chart showing how the First Amendment impacted a landmark Supreme Court Case. You will explain what the case was about and identify two current cases relating to this amendment. Amendment I – Freedoms, Petitions, Assembly Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. Which landmark case will you use to as your primary example? Visit the Bill of Rights Institute Landmark Supreme Court Cases or do quick webs search to find a case. Note: use search terms like â€Å"landmark cases amendment 1† Brown v. Board of Education What is the landmark case about & how was this amendment upheld? Please respond in three to four complete   This was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional. The decision overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896, which allowed state-sponsored segregation, to the extent of how it applied to public education. Handed down on May 17, 1954, the Warren Court’s unanimous decision declared that â€Å"separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.† As a result by right, racial segregation was ruled a violation of the Equal Protection Clause to the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution. This ruling forced the people of the United States to abolish segregation and integrate with each other no matter what race you are. This ended up being a major victory of the civil rights movement. List two current court cases relating to this amendment. Do a quick web search for current court cases. Note: These cases must be from the last five years. 1. state of Florida versus George Zimmerman (2012) George Zimmerman was tried for the murder   Black teenager Trayvon Martin out of self defense. The Court Ruled George Zimmerman not guilty because he had pictures of a broken nose and a few other items that acquitted him of his charges. The reason I chose this case to relate to the Fourteenth Amendment is because people thought he killed Trayvon because Trayvon was black. This would be bringing us back to segregation. 2. Christian Legal Society v. Martinez (2010) The court ruled that a student organization at a public university was not free to limit their members to those who shared their belief system if that resulted in discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation.